In UX research, a literature review is a frequently overlooked, occasionally even dreaded, method. Some view it as a formality that is more suited for academic research. While it is an extensive part of the academic research process, there is great value in utilizing a literature review in UX research.
In UX, our research is often conducted by interacting directly with users, which is, admittedly, more enjoyable than conducting a literature review. However, the goals of research, regardless of how it is conducted, remain the same. Researchers are tasked with critically examining and evaluating information, identifying patterns, and deriving insights that ultimately contribute to a deeper understanding of user behaviors and experiences. A literature review can serve as an integral step in achieving those goals.
A literature review, sometimes referred to as desk research or secondary research, is a deliberate and comprehensive examination of existing knowledge. To conduct a literature review, researchers need to dive deep into the studies, theories, and best practices that already exist. A good literature review requires more than just finding, reading, and summarizing information related to the topic; it’s ultimately about synthesizing insights, drawing connections, and building a comprehensive understanding of the subject matter landscape. Can it be a time-consuming and sometimes frustrating process? Yes. However, the value outweighs the pain. A well-conducted literature review can help inform and refine our research questions, guide our methodological decisions, and ensure we’re conducting responsible research.
Informing and Refining Research Questions
Have you ever walked out of an initial research planning meeting with a stakeholder and asked yourself, “How am I going to design and execute a study when they don’t even know what questions they have?” or “Is that one study? It sounded like 8.”
Most researchers have encountered situations that require navigating vague questions that are far too vast in scope. This is one of many situations in which a literature review can be incredibly beneficial.
A literature review can and should be used as a refining tool that allows researchers to transform ambiguous notions into precise, refined research questions.
By immersing ourselves in the existing literature, researchers can develop a more nuanced understanding of the subject matter, find gaps that warrant further exploration, and sometimes even discover solutions that have already been identified. This information can then be used to formulate the types of specific research questions that are required for conducting purposeful, impactful, and meaningful studies.
Guiding Methodological Decisions
When designing our approach, UX researchers are faced with the sometimes daunting task of deciding which method is best suited for our particular study. With such a wide range of methods from which to choose, a literature review can aid our decision-making process by steering us away from potential pitfalls and guiding us toward methods that have proven effective.
The process of conducting a literature review will undoubtedly provide some insight into what has and what has not worked in similar contexts, thus helping researchers make informed methodological choices. Rather than blindly selecting an approach, we can leverage the experiences of those who have navigated similar studies. A literature review can also enhance our understanding of the strengths and limitations of various methodologies, thereby ensuring our research is grounded in best practices.
Responsible Research
When conducting research, prioritizing user welfare is non-negotiable. Examining the ethical considerations addressed in similar studies through a literature review can help researchers navigate ethical considerations with heightened awareness, ensuring our research is conducted responsibly.
Additionally, a literature review can help researchers identify potential biases and challenges that may impact our study. Armed with this knowledge, researchers can proactively design studies that mitigate biases, foster inclusivity, and ensure representation.
The literature review is more than a scholarly exercise. It is a valuable method to drive research forward by ensuring research questions are precise, methodologies are informed, and studies are conducted responsibly.
At Key Lime Interactive, we understand the value of conducting research that unlocks and leverages collective knowledge to inform dynamic solutions. Contact us to explore how we can help with your research needs.
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